منتديات ام درمان

هل تريد التفاعل مع هذه المساهمة؟ كل ما عليك هو إنشاء حساب جديد ببضع خطوات أو تسجيل الدخول للمتابعة.
منتديات ام درمان

منتدى أم درمان للتواصل وتبادل الآراء والمنافع باسلوب حضاري


    direct speech-reported speech

    نور السلام
    نور السلام
    نائب المدير
    نائب المدير


    كيف حالك : direct speech-reported speech 76
    دعائك الدائم : direct speech-reported speech 739508710
    الهواية المفضلة : direct speech-reported speech Unknow10
    الموطن : direct speech-reported speech Male_a11
    انثى عدد المساهمات : 153
    نقاط : 415
    تاريخ التسجيل : 21/01/2010
    العمر : 30
    الموقع : http://jeunesse14.ahlamuntada.com

    direct speech-reported speech Empty direct speech-reported speech

    مُساهمة  نور السلام الخميس فبراير 04, 2010 7:10 pm

    Direct speech

    "I play football"

    "I am playing football"

    "I have played football"

    "I played football"

    "I was playing football"

    "I had played football"


    "I had been playing football"

    "I will play football"

    "I can play football"



    Reported speech


    He said (that) he played football

    He said (that) he was playing football

    He said (that) he had played football

    He said (that) he had played football

    He said (that) he had been playing football

    He said (that) he had played football

    He said (that) he had been playing football

    He said (that) he would play football

    He said (that) he could play football


    * In reported speech, we usually report what was said at

    a different time, and so we change the tense to reflect

    the time which we are reporting:


    DIRECT SPEECH: "I'm not playing football."

    REPORTED LATER: He said that he wasn't playing football.


    * Sometimes we need to change the pronoun.

    DIRECT SPEECH: Jim: "I don't like living here." (Jim is

    referring to himself)

    REPORTED SPEECH: Jim said (that) he didn't like living

    here. (the pronoun he refers to Jim)


    * We may also need to change other words about place and


    time.

    DIRECT SPEECH: "I like this car."

    REPORTED SPEECH: He said (that) he liked the car.


    DIRECT SPEECH: "I went to Tokyo last week."

    REPORTED SPEECH: She said (that) she'd been to Tokyo the

    week before.


    functions & examples

    * We use reported speech to tell someone what another

    person said.


    Jim says to you...

    "I don't feel well."

    "I can't drive."

    "My parents have gone on holiday."

    "I'm going out now so you will have to wait until I get

    back."


    You tell your friend what Jim said...

    Jim said (that) he didn't feel well.

    He said (that) he couldn't drive.

    He said (that) his parents had gone on holiday.

    He said (that) he was going out now so I would have to

    wait until he got back.


    important points

    * If we report something which is still true, it is not

    necessary to change the verb.

    DIRECT SPEECH: "My car is bigger than yours."

    REPORTED SPEECH: He said his car is / was bigger than

    mine.


    * When we are reporting past tenses, and we see the

    events from the same viewpoint as the original speaker,

    it is not necessary to change the tense.

    DIRECT SPEECH: "The earthquake happened at half past

    seven."

    REPORTED SPEECH: The radio said that the earthquake

    happened at half past seven.


    * Modal verbs could, might, would, should, ought, had

    better usually do not change in reported speech.

    DIRECT SPEECH: "I should go to the dentist."
    REPORTED SPEECH: He said that he should go to the dentist


    .

      الوقت/التاريخ الآن هو الخميس مارس 28, 2024 4:45 pm